The letter gives the undertone: 120W is warm, 130N is neutral with a pink cast, and both are very fair shades. If your skin looks yellow or peachy, start with 120W; if it looks pink or rosy, 130N is the closer match. The full range has 37 shades coded the same way, where C means cool, W warm and N neutral.

A luminous finish often looks better on dry skin than a matte one, but no skin type is specified for this foundation. It is a water-resistant, medium-coverage liquid that starts with water and includes glycerin, panthenol and allantoin. Prep with your usual moisturiser. On oily skin, press a little powder over the T-zone only if shine shows up later in the day.

It is a blend of both. Water comes first, followed by silicones such as cyclopentasiloxane, isododecane and caprylyl methicone, so it is not purely water based. That mix keeps the liquid light, helps it resist water and lets it spread smoothly under any applicator. According to the brand, it is also free of flashback and oxidization.

The base is water with silicones for slip, plus glycerin, panthenol, tocopheryl acetate (a vitamin E form) and allantoin, which are skin-conditioning ingredients, and amino acids such as alanine and glycine. The pigments and a may-contain list come at the end. The complete INCI is in the ingredients tab, so you can check it against anything you avoid.

No, it is a medium-coverage foundation that you can build up in layers. Tap a small amount over redness, dark marks or patchy tone, blend the edges outward and apply a second thin coat only on those spots instead of the whole face. The formula does not cake as you layer, so the finish stays smooth and radiant.